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A consequence of rising energy prices is to ration the available energy for various tasks. In water distribution systems, water often needs to be pumped to a higher elevation with adequate pressure. For example, hydraulic pumps transport water from a treatment plant into an elevated storage tank. From an elevated tank, water falls by gravity to reach with adequate pressure nodes in the water network where water is consumed. Hydraulic pumps consume most of the energy required to operate a water distribution system. Therefore, optimizing pump operations may lead to significant reductions in energy expenditure.